Coronavirus GUIDE: How is it transmitted? Symptoms, prevention methods and treatment

Coronavirus (2019-nCoV / Covid 19), also known as corona virus, was first detected in Wuhan, China. It is an infectious and deadly virus that causes respiratory disease. It was recently discovered in our country . The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus epidemic " Emergency for public health " on January 30, 2020 . When the virus spread all over the world, on 11 March 2020, it declared PANDEM due to the increased risk . This means the highest alarm level in an epidemic. Among the most important symptoms of coronavirus are; fever, dry cough, body aches and shortness of breathThere are flu-like symptoms like. It causes death in 2% of the infected people. However, it can be more lethal in people with chronic diseases and in the elderly. In this article, we will try to answer the questions you are curious about coronavirus ( Covid 19 ) according to scientific data.

What is coronavirus?
Coronavirus (2019-nCoV / Covid 19) is a deadly type of virus that causes some form of respiratory disease. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses, some causing illness in humans, while others cause illness in bats, camels and cats. Rarely, animal coronaviruses can spread among humans (such as SARS and MERS). However, once it is transmitted to humans, it can be transmitted from the infected person to other people very easily, like flu. 
Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which started at the end of 2019 and continues to spread rapidly across the world, is a new coronavirus strain that has not been previously identified in humans. Initially, it was found that most of the patients in the outbreak in Wuhan are people who work or are customers of a large seafood and animal market. However, it quickly spread to other people and cities.
Therefore, it is defined as "new". It spread all over the world in a few months because it is easily transmitted and spread. It is closely related to the SARS coronavirus and is from the same family as the MERS coronavirus. Research continues in many areas such as the virus structure, transmission and prevention methods, symptoms and treatment.
Corona virus comprehensive measures taken in China
You can follow the countries where the coronavirus is still spreading around the world and the number of infected people from the online report kept instantly by Johns Hopkins University: 
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How is coronavirus transmitted?
Infection and spread of coronavirus is very similar to flu. Often, person-to-person spread happens with close contacts (about 2 meters). When an infected person coughs or sneezes, as with flu and other respiratory diseases, respiratory droplets are scattered. It has been found that droplets containing virus can hang in closed environments for up to 3 hours in the air. These virus-bearing droplets reach the mouth and nose of people nearby and settle in their lungs when they breathe.
Coronaviruses can be transmitted by surface and contact, such as flu viruses. The incubation period (ie, the time between exposure to the virus and the onset of symptoms) for coronavirus is currently estimated at 2 to 7 days. However, in some coronavirus cases, the spread has been detected from an infected patient who has not yet shown signs of disease. Therefore, the risk rate it creates is high.
The easiest way of coronavirus transmission is cough
Coronaviruses can remain active for 3 to 48 hours on metal surfaces, 24 hours on cardboard surfaces and 72 hours on plastic surfaces. For this reason, touching the surfaces in common living areas such as transportation vehicles and shopping centers should be avoided, hands and eyes and mouth should not be touched after touching.

Coronavirus protection methods
The most effective way to avoid coronavirus infection is to avoid exposure to this virus. You can protect yourself from the corona virus by following some of the daily preventive measures recommended by WHO (5) : 
Wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds
If there is no water in your location, use a hand sanitizer containing at least 60% alcohol.
Do not touch your eyes, nose, and mouth with dirty hands
Avoid close contact with sick or suspicious people
Stay at home if you are sick, definitely inform a healthcare provider
Cover your mouth with a handkerchief while coughing or sneezing and throw it away
Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces
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Although facial masks prevent infected people from infecting the virus, they are not protective enough for healthy people. It may be useful to wear protective gloves in risky areas. 
How can those who go to outbreak places be protected from coronavirus?
Avoid contact with sick people, especially coughing patients,
Do not go to animal markets where live or dead animals are sold,
Follow general rules on hand hygiene and food hygiene; Wash your hands with soap and water before eating, after using the toilet, or after contact with animals. If you cannot find water and soap in the environment, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer,
Avoid contact with animals, secretions or feces
If you have been in contact with a patient infected by the coronavirus, follow yourself from now on and when you see any symptoms, call any healthcare professional for advice stating that you are in China.
 
Recommendations for those returning from epidemic sites
During 14 days, especially if you are returning from epidemic countries and cities and feeling cough, fever or shortness of breath;
Stay home. Don't go to work, school or public places
Avoid contact with other people
Do not leave your home without advice from the doctor
Always seek help from a specialist regarding your treatment
Do not accept visitors to your home. You can accept food delivery through the door
Ask for help from a friend, family member or delivery service to assist you with your outside affairs.

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